This verse focuses on the conjugation of verbs in the second person. And it will help us when we move onto sandhi next week. It is in the same strain as BG 9:26. It is about surrendering everything to God, even your deeds. Every action should be an offering to God.
यज् जुहोषि ददासि यत्
यत् तपस्यसि कौन्तेय
तत् कुरुष्व मदर्पणम्
Whatever you do, whatever you eat, whatever you offer, whatever you give, Whatever austerities your perform, Arjuna, do that as an offering to Me.यत् - that, which (neuter, accusative, singular)
करोषि - [you] do (2nd person, sing., present √kṛ)
यद् - that, which (neuter, accusative, singular)
अश्नासि - [you] eat (2nd person, sing., present √aś)
Note that it is यत् before the क of करोषि and यद् before the अ of अश्नासि
यज् जुहोषि ददासि यत्
यज् - that, which (neuter, accusative, singular)
जुहोषि - [you] offer [in sacrifice] (2nd person, sing., present √hu)
ददासि - [you] give (2nd person, sing., present √da)
यत् - that, which (neuter, accusative, singular)
Here the तत् appears as तज् before the ज् of जुहोषि
यत् तपस्यसि कौन्तेय
यत् - that, which (neuter, accusative, singular)
तपस्यसि - [you] strive/peform in austerities (2nd person, sing., present √tapasya)
कौन्तेय - Arjuna - son of Kunti
तत् कुरुष्व मदर्पणम्
तत् that - that, (neuter, acc., sing.)
कुरुष्व - do! make! (imperative, second person AP* √kṛ)
मदर्पणम् - as an offering to me. This is a compound of 'to me' and अर्पणम् (neuter noun) We will learn why मद appears the way it does when we do compounds (समासाः)
*There is a lot of grammar I have left out because it would not be relevant at this stage. I have only put in those things that make the verse understandable. For instance AP is the middle voice आत्मनेपद, which we will have not discussed yet.)
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