Tuesday 9 December 2014

BG 1.15-18 'A śloka a day' #SAH #SanskritGrammar




पाञ्चजन्यं हृषीकेशो देवदत्तं धनंजयः |

पौण्ड्रं दध्मौ महाशङ्खं भीमकर्मा वृकोदरः ||15||
अनन्तविजयं राजा कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः |
नकुलः सहदेवश् च सुघोषमणिपुष्पकौ ||16||
काश्यश् च परमेष्वासः शिखण्डी च महारथः |
धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश् च सात्यकिश् चापराजितः ||17||
द्रुपदो द्रौपदेयाश् च सर्वशः पृथिवीपते |
सौभद्रश् च महाबाहुः शङ्खान् दध्मुः पृथक् पृथक् ||18||

pāñcajanyaṃ hṛṣīkeśo devadattaṃ dhanaṃjayaḥ |
pauṇḍraṃ dadhmau mahāśaṅkhaṃ bhīmakarmā vṛkodaraḥ ||15||
anantavijayaṃ rājā kuntīputro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ |
nakulaḥ sahadevaś ca sughoṣamaṇipuṣpakau ||16||
kāśyaś ca parameṣvāsaḥ śikhaṇḍī ca mahārathaḥ |
dhṛṣṭadyumno virāṭaś ca sātyakiś cāparājitaḥ ||17||
drupado draupadeyāś ca sarvaśaḥ pṛthivīpate |
saubhadraś ca mahābāhuḥ śaṅkhān dadhmuḥ pṛthak pṛthak ||18||

Krishna blew his Panchajanya; Arjuna blew Devadatta, While Bhima, terrible in action, blew the great conch Paundra.
King Yudhishthira, son of Kintu, blew Anantavijaya; Nakula and Sahadeva blew Sughosha and Manipushpaka.
And the king of Kashi, supreme archer, and Shikhandi that great warrior, Dhrishtadyumna and Virata and Satyaki, the invincible;
Drupad and the sons of Draupadi all together, O King, and the strong armed son of Subhadra blew their conches, each his own.

हृषीकेशः  Krishna
पाञ्चजन्यं the conch Pānchajanaya
धनंजयः Arjuna
देवदत्तं the conch Devadatta
भीमकर्मा epithet of Bhima (BV cpd) One whose deeds are terrible
वृकोदरः epithet of Bhima (BV cpd) One whose belly is like a wolf
पौण्ड्रं [the conch] Paudra
महाशङ्खं the great conch
दध्मौ [he] blew (3rd person, sing, perfect √dhmā)
राजा King (nom, sing, noun)
कुन्तीपुत्रः Son of Kunti (nom, sing)
युधिष्ठिरः Yudhishtira
अनन्तविजयं [the conch] Anantavijaya
दध्मौ [he] blew (3rd person, sing, perfect √dhmā)
नकुलः सहदेवः च Nakula and Sahadeva
सुघोषमणिपुष्पकौ [blew the conches] sughosha and Manipushpaka (masc dual dvandva compound)
काश्यः च परमेष्वासः The great archer [the king of] Kāshi
शिखण्डी च महारथः The great warrior Shikhandi
धृष्टद्युम्नः Dhrishtadyumna
विराटः  Virata
and
सात्यकिः च अपराजितः  Sātyaki the invincible 
द्रुपदः Drupad
द्रौपदेयाः  च and the sons of Draupadi
सर्वशः altogether, wholly, entirely
पृथिवीपते O King [Dhritrashtra] (vocative)
सौभद्रः च  महाबाहुः And the mighty armed son of Subhadra
शङ्खान् [their] conches (masc, accusative, plural)
दध्मुः [all] blew (3rd person, plural, perfect √dhmā)
पृथक् पृथक् respectively, each his own, one by one