Story no. 6: Brahmā hides the cowherds and the calves

For this story, see pg 88 of Vol 3 of Swami Tapasyananda's translation of the Śrimad Bhāgvatam

For those of you who are interested in the History of Hinduism, this story, and the giridhara story in which Krishna protects his community from the rain (i.e. Indra) by holding up a mountain, are meant to demonstrate the ascendency of Krishna as a deity, and the superseding of Vedic deities like Indra and Brahmā by him.

1981 ed.

कृष्णः गोपालाः च वने खादन्ति

Krishna and the cowherds eat in the forest

Notice that the  च comes after both the things it connects.

कृष्णः 3rd person, nominative, masculine, singular 

गोपालाः 3rd person, nominative, masculine, plural

च and

वने locative case of 'vana', in the forest

खादन्ति - (they) eat, from √खाद्, agreeing with गोपालाः (along with कृष्णः as part of the plural group even though he is in singular)  

गोपालानाम् वत्साः दूरे चरन्ति

The calves of the cowherds are grazing at a distance

गोपालानाम् 3rd person, genitive, plural of 'gopala' - of the cowherds

वत्साः 3rd person, nominative, plural - calves

दूरे in the distance - locative case

चरन्ति - (they) graze, from √चर्, agreeing with वत्साः/calves

पितामहेन वत्साः तिरोहिताः सन्ति

(The) calves are hidden by Brahmā (पितामहः is another way to add

-ress Brahmā)

पितामहेन 3rd person, masculine, instrumental case - by 'Pitamah' 

वत्साः 3rd person, nominative, plural - the calves

तिरोहिताः (are) hidden, past participle acting as an adjective, agreeing with वत्साः

सन्ति are; verb in the 3rd person, plural, agreeing with वत्साः

कृष्णः वत्सान् न कुत्रचित् पश्यति

Krishna does not see the calves anywhere

कृष्णः 3rd person, masculine, singular

वत्सान् 3rd person, masculine plural, accusative - calves को (I'd like to flag this accusative form. As a Hindi speaker when I was learning Sanskrit, I had to train myself to use the accusative form all the time. Hopefully you wont have the same issue!)

न कुत्रचित् - not anywhere

पश्यति - sees, from √पश्, agreeing with Krishna

पितामहेन गोपालाः तिरोहिताः सन्ति

The cowherds are hidden by Brahmā

पितामहेन 3rd person, masculine, instrumental, case -by Him

गोपालाः 3rd person, nominative, plural - cowherds

तिरोहिताः past participle agreeing with गोपालाः

सन्ति are, from √as, to be - (they) are

कृष्णः गोपालान् न कुत्रचित् पश्यति

Krishna does not see the cowherds anywhere

कृष्णः 3rd person, masculine, singular

गोपालान् 3rd person, masculine plurar, accusative (cowherds को)

न कुत्रचित् - not anywhere

पश्यति - sees, from √पश्, agreeing with Krishna

सः नवान् गोपालान् करोति

He makes (lit. does) new cowherds

सः He 

नवान् new - adjective agreeing with the 3rd person, masculine, plural accusative, gopalaan

गोपालान् 3rd person, masculine, plural accusative (cowherds को)

करोति - does, makes, creates - from √kṛ, agreeing with Krishna

सः नवान् वत्सान् करोति

Same as sentence above, except here he creates/makes new calves

पितामहः नवान् वत्सान् पश्यति

Brahmā sees (the) new calves

पितामहः  नवान् गोपालान् पश्यति  

Brahmā sees (the) new cowherds

पितामहः कृष्णाय नमति

Brahmā bows to Krishna

कृष्णाय dative,3rd person, masculine, singular (Krishna ko)

 नमति - verb from√नम् agreeing with Brahmā (he) bows

तिरोहिताः वत्साः पुनः आगच्छन्ति

The hidden calves come again

तिरोहिताः गोपालाः  पुनः आगच्छन्ति

The hidden cowherds come again