The story of Kabandha

This episode occurs in the Rāmāyaṇa after Sītā has been kidnapped. Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa are looking for her. They come across a horrific demon...

 

रामः लक्ष्मणः च सीताम् पुनः अन्वैच्छताम्

Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa look for Sītā again (in the sense of continuation from what has gone before)

रामः3rd person masculine nominative

लक्ष्मणः3rd person masculine nominative

च and

सीताम् 3rd person singular feminine accusative सीता को 

पुनःagain

अन्वैच्चताम् verb to search - masculine dual form agreeing with Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa.

अचिरेण तौ कृष्णम् अरण्यम् आगच्छताम्

Soon they arrive at (come to) a dark forest

अचिरेण soon

तौ 3rd person masculine dual pronoun वह दो

कृष्णम् dark, black, adjective agreeing with अरण्यम् 

अरण्यम् forest, 3rd person singular neuter accusative noun 

आगच्छताम् verb arrive/come, masculine dual form agreeing with Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa.

तस्मिन्  अरण्ये घोरः राक्षसः अवसत्

A horrific demon lived in that forest

तस्मिन् In that - locative case of तत् (he/that) agreeing with the neuter अरण्यम् 

अरण्ये locative case of अरण्यम्

घोरः horrific, scary, adjective agreeing with राक्षसः

राक्षसः3rd person masculine nominative

अवसत् lived This is the past tense of √वस्, to live. 

राक्षसः कबन्धः नाम

The demon is called Kabandha

राक्षसः The demon

कबन्धः Kabandha

नाम is named

कबन्धस्य मुखम् उदरे

Kabandha's mouth is in/on his stomach

कबन्धस्य - Kabandha's: 3rd person masculine singular genitive form

मुखम् mouth: 3rd person singular neuter noun

उदरे in/on his stomach. Locative case of उदरम् - stomach

सः एकेन नेत्रेण युक्तः

He has one eye (lit. he is with one eye)

सः He - masculine pronoun singular

एकेन one - number used as an adjective agreeing with नेत्रेण 

नेत्रेण with one eye - instrumental case giving the sense of 'with' से

युक्तः joined to/possessed of, possessing - an adjective agreeing with Kabandha

रामः लक्ष्मणः च कबन्धेन गृहीतौ

Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa are grasped/grabbed by the demon

रामः 

लक्ष्मणः

च 

कबन्धेन by Kabandha - instrumental case

गृहीतौ - (two) are held. past participle acting as an adjective agreeing with Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa 

तौ नरौ खादिष्यामि इति कबन्धःअचिन्तयत्

I will eat the two men, Kabandha thought 

तौ 3rd person masculine dual pronoun agreeing with नरौ 

नरौ two men

खादिष्यामि I will eat. This it the future of √खाद्

इति direct speech marker

कबन्धः Kabandha

अचिन्तयत् thought. This is the past tense of √चिन्त्

नरयोः खड्गभ्याम् तु कबन्धस्य हस्तौ छिन्नौ

Kabandha's (two) hands are cut by the (two) swords of the (two) men

नरयोः of the two - 3rd person, masculine, dual genitive case

खड्गभ्याम् - 3rd person, masculine dual instrumental case

तु but, लेकिन, पर

कबन्धस्य - of Kabandha, 3rd person masculine singular genitive case

हस्तौ two hands - masculine nominative dual (of हस्त)

छिन्नौ - cut - adjective agreeing with two hands हस्तौ 

कबन्धः अवदत् पुरा मुनिजनस्य शापात् मम देहः घोरः अभवत्

Kabandha said long ago because of/as a result of the curse of a muni, my body became horrific

कबन्धः

अवदत् said - past of √vad

पुरा -long ago

मुनिजनस्य of the muni

शापात् - ablative case शाप से

मम - my

देहः - body masculine nominative

घोरः - adjective agreeing with देहः

अभवत् - became - past tense of √भू

हे राम यदि मम देहम् दहसि तदा मम सत्यम् रूपम् पुनः आगमिष्यति इति

Ram, if you burn my body, my true form will come back again

हे राम - vocative case  

यदि -if

मम - my

देहम् - accusative case of deha which is masculine

दहसि - (you) burn, verb addressed to Rama

तदा - then

मम - my

सत्यम् -true, as adjective agreeing with रूपम्

रूपम् - neuter noun - form

पुनः -again

आगमिष्यति - will come - future of √gam

इति - direct speech marker

रामः लक्ष्मणः च तस्य राक्षसस्या देहम् अदहताम् 

Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa burnt the body of the demon

रामः 

लक्ष्मणः

च

तस्य

राक्षसस्या

देहम् - body ko

अदहताम् - past, dual verb, (two) burnt

कबन्धस्य सत्यम् रूपम् पुनःआगच्छत्

Kabandha's true form came back again

कबन्धस्य - of Kabandha- 3rd person, masculine, singular, genitive case

सत्यम् - true

रूपम् - form

पुनः- again

आगच्छत् - came past of आ+√गम् (masculine singular past form as compared to अदहताम् (two burnt) 

कबन्धः अवदत् वानराणाम् नृपः सुग्रीवः नाम

Kabandha said - the king of the monkeys is called Sugriva

कबन्धः

अवदत् - said - past tense

वानराणाम् - of the monkeys, genitive plural

नृपः - King

सुग्रीवः - Sugriva (notice the visarga, for masculine nominative singular) 

नाम - named

सुग्रीवस्य राज्यम् तु सोदरेण गृहीतम्

Sugriva's kingdom has been grabbed by his brother

सुग्रीवस्य - Sugriva's genitive singular

राज्यम् - Kingdom, neuter noun, nominative singular

तु - but, लेकिन

सोदरेण - by his brother (sodara literally means of the same womb). This is the instrumental case 

गृहीतम् - past participle acting as an adjective agreeing with राज्यम्

हे राम यदि सुग्रीवम् गच्छसि तदा सुग्रीवः तव साहाय्यम् करिष्यति इति

O Rama, if you go to go to Sugriva, then he will help you

हे राम - vocative 

यदि -if

सुग्रीवम् - to Sugriva - accusative case 

गच्छसि - you go

तदा -then

सुग्रीवः - Sugriva

तव -your

साहाय्यम् - Help, neuter noun

करिष्यति - will do - future of √कृ

इति - direct speech marker